Anterior Segment Eye Diseases and Quality of Life: An Updated Comprehensive Narrative Review

Anterior segment eye diseases significantly affect patients' quality of life (QoL) by impairing physical health, psychological well-being, social interactions, and economic stability. Conditions such as dry eye disease, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratoconus, keratitis, and corneal dystrophies cause chronic discomfort, visual disturbance, and emotional distress, leading to reduced daily functioning and work productivity. Other disorders like chalazion, trichiasis, ptosis, strabismus, and thyroid eye disease entail a psychological burden by affecting appearance and social confidence. This narrative review comprehensively examines the multidimensional impact of anterior segment diseases on QoL. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for English-language articles published between December 1997 and February 2025. Using relevant keywords and Boolean operators, we initially identified 854 articles. Following duplicate removal and screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria focused on QoL-related outcomes in anterior segment diseases, we selected 72 high-quality studies for the review. This methodology ensured a thorough and focused analysis of the available evidence. Findings highlight the importance of addressing both clinical symptoms and psychosocial effects in management strategies. Future research should emphasize interventions that improve ocular function alongside overall well-being.