Animal models for basic and translational research in reconstructive transplantation.

Area of Science:

• Transplantation immunology
• Regenerative medicine
• Surgical innovation

Background:

• Reconstructive transplantation is a viable option for severe tissue loss, surpassing conventional treatments in restoring form and function.
• Widespread use is hindered by the risks associated with long-term immunosuppression, necessitating a careful risk-benefit assessment for non-life-threatening conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review existing small and large animal models for reconstructive transplantation research.
• To highlight the importance of these models in studying immunological aspects of vascularized composite allografts.
• To facilitate the translation of novel immunoregulatory and regenerative strategies from bench to bedside.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of animal models used in reconstructive transplantation research.
• Analysis of models designed for studying immunological and biological challenges of vascularized composite allografts.
• Identification of models suitable for translational research of novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

• A multitude of small and large animal models have been developed for reconstructive transplantation.
• These models are essential for investigating the unique immunological properties of vascularized composite allografts.
• Animal models are critical for advancing cellular therapies and immune tolerance strategies.

Conclusions:

• Reliable animal models are indispensable for advancing reconstructive transplantation.
• These models support the development and validation of innovative cellular therapies and immune modulation techniques.
• Translational research using animal models is key to improving patient outcomes in reconstructive transplantation.