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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Intravenous (IV) infusion is often utilized when continuous and controlled drug delivery is necessary, such as during surgery or in the treatment of chronic diseases. This method offers numerous advantages, including immediate drug action, precise control over dosage, and bypassing the first-pass metabolism.
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Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

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Published on: June 11, 2012

Computerized orders with standardized concentrations decrease dispensing errors of continuous infusion medications

Azizeh K Sowan1, Vinay U Vaidya, Karen L Soeken

  • 1Hashemite University, School of Nursing, Zarqa, Jordan.

The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics : JPPT : the Official Journal of PPAG
|April 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computerized prescriber order entry (CPOE) for continuous infusions significantly reduced pharmacy processing errors and time compared to handwritten orders. Pharmacists reported higher satisfaction with CPOE, improving medication safety in pediatric care.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacy Practice
  • Health Informatics
  • Pediatric Patient Safety

Background:

  • Individualized concentrations in continuous infusions pose risks for pediatric medication errors.
  • Standardized concentrations and electronic order entry aim to mitigate these risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of computerized prescriber order entry (CPOE) with standardized concentrations on pharmacy processing errors for continuous infusions.
  • To compare processing time and user satisfaction between handwritten and CPOE infusion orders.

Main Methods:

  • A crossover design study involving 10 pharmacists processing handwritten and CPOE infusion orders.
  • Analysis of label errors and time taken to process orders.
  • Pharmacist satisfaction surveys were collected.

Main Results:

  • CPOE significantly reduced processing time per infusion order compared to handwritten orders (p<0.01).
  • CPOE reduced processing errors from 26-45% with handwritten orders to 4% (p<0.03).
  • Pharmacists expressed significantly higher satisfaction with CPOE (p=0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • Computerized prescriber order entry (CPOE) enhances the safety and efficiency of processing continuous infusions.
  • While not eliminating all errors, CPOE substantially reduces medication errors and processing time.
  • Pharmacists strongly prefer CPOE over handwritten orders for processing infusions.