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Updated: May 23, 2026

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact
Published on: September 21, 2017
Risk compensation: a male phenomenon? Results from a controlled intervention trial promoting helmet use among
Antoine Messiah1, Aymery Constant, Benjamin Contrand
1INSERM, Research Center U-897, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Biostatistique, Injury Prevention and Control research team (Prévention et Prise en Charge des Traumatistmes), Bordeaux, France. antoine.messiah@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr
Abstract:
Prevention tools are challenged by risky behaviors that follow their adoption. Speed increase following helmet use adoption was analyzed among bicyclists enrolled in a controlled intervention trial. Speed and helmet use were assessed by video (2621 recordings, 587 participants). Speeds were similar among helmeted and nonhelmeted female cyclists (16.5 km/h and 16.1 km/h, respectively) but not among male cyclists (helmeted: 19.2 km/h, nonhelmeted: 16.8 km/h). Risk compensation, observed only among male cyclists, was moderate, thus unlikely to offset helmet preventive efficacy.
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