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Related Concept Videos

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at the...
Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes01:19

Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes

Reference electrodes serve as a stable reference point for potentiometric measurements, while indicator and working electrodes react to variations in the composition of a solution.
The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a widely used reference electrode that maintains zero potential across all temperatures. However, its need for a continuous hydrogen gas supply renders it impractical for everyday use.
An alternative to SHE is the Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE). This electrode features an...
Potentiometry: Overview01:06

Potentiometry: Overview

Potentiometry is an analytical technique that measures the potential difference between two electrodes in an electrochemical cell without drawing any significant current that could alter the solution's composition. This method employs an indicator electrode, which exchanges electrons with the analyte solution, and a reference electrode with a constant potential. Each electrode is immersed in a solution comprised of two half-cells. In a conventional setup, the reference electrode serves as the...
Potentiometric Titration: Overview01:31

Potentiometric Titration: Overview

Potentiometric titration is a quantitative analytical technique that determines the concentration of an analyte by measuring the potential difference between the two electrodes in the solution. The endpoint of a potentiometric titration is the point at which there is a significant change in the potential difference. It occurs when the stoichiometric reaction between the analyte and the titrant is complete. The endpoint is usually determined graphically by plotting the measured potential...
Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods01:17

Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods

Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
The chosen potential ensures...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte properties and...

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Multi-analyte Biochip (MAB) Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes (ASSISE) for Physiological Research
08:03

Multi-analyte Biochip (MAB) Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes (ASSISE) for Physiological Research

Published on: April 18, 2013

Paper-based ion-selective potentiometric sensors.

Marta Novell1, Marc Parrilla, Gastón A Crespo

  • 1Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.

Analytical Chemistry
|April 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed ultra low-cost, disposable potentiometric sensors using carbon nanotube ink on paper. These novel sensors offer comparable analytical performance to traditional electrodes, enabling widespread chemical information generation.

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Dynamic Electrochemical Measurement of Chloride Ions
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07:32

Dynamic Electrochemical Measurement of Chloride Ions

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Potentiometric sensors are crucial for chemical analysis.
  • Developing low-cost, disposable sensors remains a challenge.
  • Carbon nanotubes offer unique conductive and transducer properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel method for creating ultra low-cost, disposable potentiometric sensors.
  • To utilize carbon nanotubes and filter paper for sensor fabrication.
  • To evaluate the performance of these paper-based sensors against conventional ones.

Main Methods:

  • A carbon nanotube ink was prepared using a water-surfactant mixture.
  • Conventional filter paper was functionalized with the ink to create conductive paper substrates.
  • Ion-selective membranes were drop-casted onto the conductive paper to form electrodes.
  • Electrodes for sensing potassium (K+), ammonium (NH4+), and pH were fabricated and tested.
  • Performance was benchmarked against traditional solid-state ion-selective electrodes.

Main Results:

  • The developed paper-based electrodes demonstrated robust and rugged characteristics.
  • Analytical performance, including sensitivity, linear ranges, and limits of detection, was comparable to conventional electrodes.
  • Carbon nanotubes effectively functioned as both conductors and ion-to-electron transducers.
  • Successful sensing of K+, NH4+, and pH was achieved with the disposable sensors.

Conclusions:

  • This approach enables the development of ultra low-cost, disposable potentiometric sensors.
  • Paper-based sensors offer a viable and cost-effective alternative to traditional ion-selective electrodes.
  • This technology opens new possibilities for widespread chemical sensing applications.