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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

[Electrophysiological examination methods in glaucoma diagnostics].

C M Poloschek1, M Bach

  • 1Universitäts-Augenklinik Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland. charlotte.poloschek@uniklinik-freiburg.de

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
|April 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The pattern electroretinogram (PERG) detects early glaucoma up to 4 years sooner than manifest disease, but requires good visual acuity. The photopic negative response (PhNR) is also promising for early glaucoma detection.

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

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Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Context:

  • Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.
  • Early detection is crucial for preventing vision loss.
  • Current diagnostic methods have limitations in sensitivity and specificity for incipient disease.

Purpose:

  • To describe and compare two leading electrophysiological techniques for early glaucoma detection: Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG) and Photopic Negative Response (PhNR).
  • To highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each method in identifying glaucomatous damage.

Summary:

  • Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG) can detect early glaucomatous damage in ocular hypertension patients up to 4 years before manifest glaucoma, with ~75% sensitivity and specificity, using optimized stimulation and analysis. However, it requires best-corrected visual acuity of at least 0.8.
  • The Photopic Negative Response (PhNR), a component of Ganzfeld ERG, is unaffected by visual acuity limitations. While also affected in early glaucoma, its sensitivity and specificity currently lag behind PERG.

Impact:

  • Provides insights into advanced electrophysiological tools for glaucoma screening.
  • Informs clinicians about the capabilities and limitations of PERG and PhNR in early glaucoma diagnosis.
  • Highlights the potential for improved patient outcomes through earlier and more accurate detection of glaucomatous changes.