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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and the...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Novel In Vivo Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging Techniques for Assessing the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
08:41

Novel In Vivo Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging Techniques for Assessing the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Published on: March 24, 2023

Low-dose abdominal CT for evaluating suspected appendicitis.

Kyuseok Kim1, Young Hoon Kim, So Yeon Kim

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.

The New England Journal of Medicine
|April 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Low-dose computed tomography (CT) is as effective as standard-dose CT in diagnosing appendicitis in young adults, reducing radiation exposure without increasing negative appendectomy rates. This finding supports the use of reduced radiation protocols for pediatric and young adult imaging.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Novel In Vivo Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging Techniques for Assessing the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
08:41

Novel In Vivo Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging Techniques for Assessing the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Published on: March 24, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pediatric Imaging

Background:

  • Computed tomography (CT) is the primary diagnostic tool for acute appendicitis in adults.
  • Radiation exposure from CT scans is a significant concern in children and young adults.
  • Evaluating low-dose CT protocols is crucial for minimizing risks in younger populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the noninferiority of low-dose abdominal CT compared to standard-dose CT.
  • To determine the impact of radiation dose on negative appendectomy rates in young adults with suspected appendicitis.
  • To compare appendiceal perforation rates and the need for additional imaging between low-dose and standard-dose CT groups.

Main Methods:

  • A single-institution, single-blind, noninferiority trial involving 891 patients with suspected appendicitis.
  • Random assignment to either low-dose CT (median dose 116 mGy·cm) or standard-dose CT (median dose 521 mGy·cm).
  • Primary endpoint: percentage of negative appendectomies; secondary endpoints: appendiceal perforation rate and need for additional imaging.

Main Results:

  • The negative appendectomy rate was similar between groups: 3.5% for low-dose CT and 3.2% for standard-dose CT.
  • No significant differences were observed in appendiceal perforation rates (26.5% vs. 23.3%) or the need for additional imaging (3.2% vs. 1.6%).
  • Low-dose CT demonstrated noninferiority to standard-dose CT regarding negative appendectomy rates.

Conclusions:

  • Low-dose CT is a safe and effective alternative to standard-dose CT for diagnosing appendicitis in young adults.
  • Implementing low-dose CT protocols can reduce radiation exposure without compromising diagnostic accuracy or increasing negative appendectomy rates.
  • This study supports the adoption of reduced radiation CT protocols for suspected appendicitis in pediatric and young adult populations.