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Updated: May 22, 2026
10:26
Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
Published on: September 11, 2021
Perspective: deconstructing integration: a framework for the rational application of integration as a guiding
Ellen Goldman1, W Scott Schroth
1George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Summary
Curricular integration in medical education is best viewed as a strategy, not a goal. A systematic, three-level framework can overcome implementation challenges for successful knowledge unification.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Curriculum Development
- Educational Strategy
Background:
- Medical schools face pressure for curricular reform due to criticism and evolving standards.
- Integration, the unification of knowledge, is pursued to meet adult learner needs in professional education.
- Despite benefits, integration faces implementation challenges and criticism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To reframe integration as a strategy within broader curriculum development.
- To identify critical conceptual and practical issues for successful curricular integration.
- To propose a systematic, three-level framework for applying integration.
Main Methods:
- Perspective piece analyzing challenges and benefits of curricular integration.
- Articulating conceptual and practical issues in integration implementation.
- Proposing a hierarchical framework for integration strategy.
Main Results:
- Difficulties in integration stem from treating it as a goal rather than a strategy.
- A systematic approach to integration offers significant benefits.
- Successful integration requires alignment with program, course, and session-level decisions.
Conclusions:
- Integration should be a strategy, not an end goal, in medical curriculum reform.
- A structured, three-level framework guides the strategic implementation of integration.
- This approach facilitates effective unification of medical knowledge for adult learners.
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