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P50 Sensory Gating in Infants
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Sensitive time-windows for susceptibility in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Rhiannon M Meredith1, Julia Dawitz, Ioannis Kramvis

  • 1Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research-CNCR, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. r.m.meredith@vu.nl

Trends in Neurosciences
|May 1, 2012
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Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) may involve specific time-restricted windows for synaptic impairments, similar to critical periods in brain development. Understanding these sensitive periods could improve early interventions for NDDs.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) often present with age-dependent symptoms.
  • The underlying neurobiological mechanisms of NDDs are not fully understood.
  • Early postnatal periods are critical for brain development and symptom manifestation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a unifying concept for developmentally-dependent impairments in NDDs.
  • To investigate the existence of time-restricted windows for synaptic impairments in NDDs.
  • To explore the implications of these sensitive windows for therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent evidence from animal models of monogenic NDDs.
  • Analysis of time-regulated neuronal and synaptic impairments.
  • Conceptual synthesis of findings into a unifying hypothesis.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests the existence of time-regulated windows for neuronal and synaptic impairments in NDDs.
  • These windows are proposed to be akin to critical periods in normal brain development.
  • The concept of time-restricted windows unifies observations of age-dependent NDD phenotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Time-restricted windows for impaired synaptic phenotypes likely exist in NDDs.
  • These sensitive time-windows have significant implications for understanding early brain development in NDDs.
  • Identifying these vulnerable periods may optimize the timing of therapeutic treatments for NDDs.