[Posterior microphthalmos: contribution of OCT/SLO]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Medical Imaging
• Genetics

Background:

• Posterior microphthalmos is a rare congenital condition characterized by a small eye with a normal anterior segment but a disproportionately short axial length.
• It is often associated with significant refractive errors, primarily high hypermetropia, and can lead to visual impairment.

Observation:

• This case report details an 18-year-old male diagnosed with posterior microphthalmos.
• Clinical findings included high hypermetropia and a globe axial length of 14 mm.
• Ocular Coherence Tomography (OCT) revealed foveal thickening, a key diagnostic feature.

Findings:

• The study highlights the clinical presentation of posterior microphthalmos, emphasizing high hypermetropia and specific OCT findings.
• Family history indicated a potential genetic component, with two other family members affected.

Implications:

• Posterior microphthalmos is a rare entity with a risk of associated blindness.
• OCT is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and ongoing management of posterior microphthalmos.
• Early diagnosis and monitoring are crucial for visual preservation in affected individuals.