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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology01:18

Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology

Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial and alveolar spaces of the lungs, impairing gas exchange and oxygen delivery. It may be cardiogenic or noncardiogenic, but both reduce oxygenation and lung compliance.Cardiogenic Pulmonary EdemaCardiogenic edema results from increased hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary capillaries, usually due to left ventricular dysfunction from myocardial infarction, heart failure, or valvular disease. Ineffective cardiac pumping causes blood to...
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:29

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
06:10

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: June 12, 2021

Iatrogenic hydropneumopericardium.

F Peters1, A Patel, R Essop

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa. ferande.peters@gmail.com

Cardiovascular Journal of Africa
|May 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of iatrogenic hydropneumopericardium in diffuse scleroderma resolved spontaneously. High-concentration oxygen therapy may aid resolution of this pericardial effusion.

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An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model
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An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

Published on: September 2, 2021

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
06:10

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: June 12, 2021

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model
07:15

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

Published on: September 2, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Diffuse scleroderma is a systemic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs.
  • Iatrogenic complications can arise during medical procedures, necessitating careful monitoring.
  • Hydropneumopericardium, the presence of both air and fluid in the pericardial sac, is a rare condition.

Observation:

  • A patient with diffuse scleroderma developed iatrogenic hydropneumopericardium.
  • Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated characteristic findings of hydropneumopericardium.
  • The condition was managed conservatively with supplemental oxygen therapy.

Findings:

  • The patient's hydropneumopericardium resolved spontaneously within five days.
  • Sixty percent oxygen administration was utilized during the observation period.
  • The spontaneous resolution suggests a potential role for oxygen in managing this condition.

Implications:

  • This case highlights a rare iatrogenic complication in scleroderma patients.
  • Echocardiography is crucial for diagnosing hydropneumopericardium.
  • Conservative management with oxygen may be a viable option for selected cases, warranting further investigation.