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Related Experiment Video

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Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
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Published on: February 26, 2020

How reading in a second language protects your heart.

Yan Jing Wu1, Guillaume Thierry

  • 1School of Psychology, Bangor University, LL57 2AS Bangor, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|May 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Negative emotions block unconscious access to native language translations in bilinguals. This emotional constraint affects language activation, demonstrating how feelings influence word processing in the bilingual brain.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Bilingualism Research

Background:

  • Bilingual individuals' native language is often activated when reading in a second language.
  • The influence of emotional valence on this automatic translation activation remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the emotional valence of English words affects unconscious activation of their Chinese translations.
  • To determine if negative emotional content inhibits native language access in bilinguals.

Main Methods:

  • Native Chinese speakers fluent in English performed a word relatedness judgment task with English word pairs.
  • Brain electrical activity was monitored using electroencephalography (EEG).
  • A sound repetition priming task, based on Chinese translations, was embedded to detect unconscious activation.

Main Results:

  • Negative valence English words (e.g., "violence") did not trigger the expected sound repetition priming effect in Chinese.
  • Positive and neutral valence English words (e.g., "holiday," "theory") did show the priming effect.
  • This indicates that negative emotional content inhibited automatic translation activation.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional valence significantly constrains language activation in bilinguals.
  • Negative stimuli appear to engage inhibitory mechanisms that block access to the native language.
  • These findings highlight the role of emotion in regulating cognitive processes during second language processing.