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Related Concept Videos

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Updated: May 22, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Trophoblastic Cells
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In Vitro Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Trophoblastic Cells

Published on: March 16, 2017

Gestational trophoblastic disease: an overview.

Ruth Monchek1, Susan Wiedaseck

  • 1University of Dentistry and Medicine of New Jersey, USA.

Journal of Midwifery & Women'S Health
|May 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This review covers gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), including molar pregnancy and malignant gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN). It details diagnosis, treatment, and the crucial role of midwives in recognizing symptoms and providing support.

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) encompasses a spectrum of placental disorders.
  • These conditions originate from abnormal placental trophoblastic development, ranging from benign molar pregnancies to malignant gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the classification, symptomatology, diagnostic methods, and treatment options for GTD.
  • To highlight the importance of midwife awareness regarding GTD incidence, risk factors, and symptoms for timely referral.
  • To examine the psychosocial impact on affected women and discuss the midwife's role in management and follow-up.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies and clinical guidelines on GTD and GTN.
  • Synthesis of information on disease entities, diagnostic modalities, and therapeutic interventions.
  • Exploration of the psychosocial dimensions and the role of healthcare providers, particularly midwives.

Main Results:

  • GTD includes molar pregnancy and malignant GTN, all stemming from abnormal placental development.
  • Effective diagnosis relies on understanding varied symptomatology and utilizing appropriate diagnostic tools.
  • Treatment strategies vary based on the specific GTD type, ranging from conservative management to chemotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Midwives play a vital role in early GTD detection and referral, despite management falling outside their direct scope.
  • Comprehensive understanding of GTD, including psychosocial support, is essential for holistic patient care.
  • Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are critical for improving outcomes in women with GTD and GTN.