Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs01:28

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
Antidepressant Drugs: Overview01:25

Antidepressant Drugs: Overview

Antidepressant drugs are a class of medications primarily used for treating various mood disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and other related conditions. These medicines work by modulating the neurotransmitter balance within the brain, alleviating depressive symptoms. Antidepressants can be broadly categorized into several groups according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine...
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic circuitry.
Cholinergic Antagonists: Therapeutic Uses01:26

Cholinergic Antagonists: Therapeutic Uses

Antimuscarinic drugs have various therapeutic applications by inhibiting parasympathetic stimulation in different systems. Here are the key therapeutic uses of antimuscarinics:    
Respiratory Tract: Ipratropium, aclidinium, and tiotropium treat asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They protect against bronchoconstriction caused by irritants like cigarette smoke, sulfur dioxide, and ozone. They also help reduce nasopharyngeal secretions in common...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

NfL as a biomarker in ATTRv amyloidosis: potential and limitations.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2025
Same author

Assessing Hand Function in Trans-Radial Amputees Wearing Myoelectric Hands: The Virtual Eggs Test (VET).

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2025
Same author

Human manipulation strategy when changing object deformability and task properties.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

Recommendations for pre-symptomatic genetic testing for hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis in the era of effective therapy: a multicenter Italian consensus.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases·2020
Same author

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: can a diagnosis be made in patients not fulfilling electrodiagnostic criteria?

European journal of neurology·2020
Same author

Long-term treatment with subcutaneous immunoglobulin in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: a follow-up period up to 7 years.

Scientific reports·2020
Same journal

Early and severe masticatory muscle involvement in SOD1-ALS: a case report with biomarker-clinical dissociation.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Early multimodal predictors of good neurological outcome in comatose patients after cardiac arrest: a prospective single-center cohort study.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Telemedicine for headache disorders in real-world practice: from patient experience to health system impact.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Topography and functional connectivity analysis of heart surgery-associated brain lesions: a literature review.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Limb apraxia in Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes: a systematic review.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026
Same journal

Primary Sjogren syndrome with suspected central nervous system inflammatory involvement.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Triptans: over the migraine.

D Cologno1, A Mazzeo, B Lecce

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria OO RR, Viale L Pinto 1, Foggia, Italy. danielacologno@virgilio.it

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|May 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Triptans, effective migraine treatments, may also act as general pain relievers. Further research is needed to understand their full analgesic potential beyond migraine and cluster headaches.

More Related Videos

An Automated Squint Method for Time-syncing Behavior and Brain Dynamics in Mouse Pain Studies
05:49

An Automated Squint Method for Time-syncing Behavior and Brain Dynamics in Mouse Pain Studies

Published on: November 1, 2024

Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents
08:39

Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents

Published on: May 16, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

An Automated Squint Method for Time-syncing Behavior and Brain Dynamics in Mouse Pain Studies
05:49

An Automated Squint Method for Time-syncing Behavior and Brain Dynamics in Mouse Pain Studies

Published on: November 1, 2024

Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents
08:39

Ex Vivo Release of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide from the Trigeminovascular System in Rodents

Published on: May 16, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Migraine is a disabling neurological condition affecting millions globally.
  • Triptans, serotonin (5-HT1B/1D) receptor agonists, are established acute treatments for migraine and cluster headaches.
  • Seven triptans exist with varied administration routes, offering patient choice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy of triptans beyond their approved indications.
  • To explore the potential of triptans as general analgesics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical data on triptan efficacy in primary headaches.
  • Analysis of triptan's mechanism of action in relation to pain pathways.

Main Results:

  • Triptans are effective for migraine and cluster headaches.
  • Limited data suggest potential efficacy in other primary headaches like tension-type and hypnic headaches.
  • Triptans have shown ineffectiveness in specific disorders such as chronic paroxysmal hemicrania and myofascial pain.

Conclusions:

  • Triptans' efficacy in diverse primary headaches remains unclear.
  • Further investigation is required to determine if triptans act peripherally or centrally.
  • Triptans may possess broader analgesic properties beyond migraine treatment, warranting further study in somatic pain models.