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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Postconditioning with Lactate-enriched Blood for Cardioprotection in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
05:26

Postconditioning with Lactate-enriched Blood for Cardioprotection in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Published on: May 28, 2019

Periprocedural myocardial enzyme elevation: prognostic implications for current practice.

Sanjum S Sethi1, Avtar Singh, Michael E Farkouh

  • 1Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Current Cardiology Reports
|June 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periprocedural myocardial enzyme elevation after cardiovascular procedures impacts patient outcomes. Routine measurement of cardiac enzymes post-procedure is debated due to varying study results and unclear guidelines.

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Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty
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Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty

Published on: January 28, 2020

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Postconditioning with Lactate-enriched Blood for Cardioprotection in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
05:26

Postconditioning with Lactate-enriched Blood for Cardioprotection in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Published on: May 28, 2019

Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty
10:03

Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty

Published on: January 28, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Analysis
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Periprocedural myocardial enzyme elevation is a significant concern following cardiovascular revascularization procedures.
  • Despite its role in myocardial infarction definitions, routine postprocedural cardiac enzyme measurement is not standard practice.
  • Existing studies show prognostic implications of biomarker elevations on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes, yet consensus is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diagnostic and prognostic concepts of periprocedural myocardial enzyme elevation.
  • To discuss the clinical impact and implications for practice-altering clinical trials.
  • To highlight ongoing debates regarding optimal measurement strategies and cutoff levels.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on periprocedural myocardial enzyme elevation.
  • Analysis of prognostic implications of biomarker elevations.
  • Discussion of heterogeneity in study methodologies and findings.

Main Results:

  • Periprocedural myocardial enzyme elevation has prognostic implications for mortality and cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Heterogeneity in studies complicates establishing universal guidelines for measurement and interpretation.
  • Debate continues regarding appropriate cutoff levels, biomarker assays, and measurement timing.

Conclusions:

  • Clarifying issues surrounding periprocedural myocardial enzyme elevation is crucial for clinical management and trial interpretation.
  • Further research is needed to standardize the assessment and clinical utility of these biomarkers.
  • The prognostic significance warrants continued investigation into routine measurement protocols.