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Mapping itinerant electrons around Kondo impurities.

H Prüser¹, M Wenderoth, A Weismann

¹IV. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.

Physical Review Letters

|June 12, 2012

Summary

Single iron and cobalt atoms beneath a copper surface exhibit a Kondo resonance. Its shape oscillates with impurity depth and distance, revealing anisotropic electron behavior.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Surface Science
Quantum Mechanics

Background:

The Kondo effect describes the interaction between magnetic impurities and conduction electrons in metals.
Understanding impurity physics is crucial for developing novel electronic materials and devices.
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) is a powerful technique for probing electronic properties at the atomic scale.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the electronic properties of single Fe and Co atoms buried in a Cu(100) surface.
To analyze the Kondo resonance and its dependence on impurity position.
To probe the anisotropic nature of the itinerant electron spectral function.

Main Methods:

Low temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy (LT-STS) was employed.
The local density of states (LDOS) of surface itinerant electrons was mapped.
The Kondo resonance signature was analyzed as a function of impurity depth and lateral distance.

Main Results:

A clear Kondo resonance was observed for buried Fe and Co atoms.
The line shape of the Kondo signature exhibited oscillatory behavior with varying impurity depth and lateral distance.
The oscillation period revealed anisotropy in the spectral function of the itinerant electrons.

Conclusions:

The study successfully separated the physics of the Kondo system from the measurement process.
The observed oscillatory behavior provides insights into electron scattering around buried magnetic impurities.
The findings demonstrate the anisotropic nature of the itinerant electron spectral function in the Cu(100) surface.