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Related Concept Videos

Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

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Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

Dissipative effects on quantum sticking.

Yanting Zhang1, Dennis P Clougherty

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0125, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|June 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how particle interactions with surfaces, influenced by quantum effects and dissipation, alter sticking probabilities. It demonstrates that "quantum mirrors" can reflect even charged particles at very low energies.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Surface Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Understanding particle sticking and reflection is crucial in various physical phenomena.
  • Dissipative effects and bath interactions significantly influence quantum processes at surfaces.
  • Previous models often simplified the complex many-body interactions involved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate many-body dissipative effects on quantum sticking and reflection laws for neutral and charged particles.
  • To analyze the impact of infrared divergence in an Ohmic bosonic bath on sticking probability.
  • To derive nonperturbative expressions for sticking rates and explore the existence of quantum mirrors for charged particles.

Main Methods:

  • Variational mean-field theory was employed to model the system.
  • An Ohmic bosonic bath was used to study dissipative coupling effects.
  • Asymptotic behavior of sticking probability at low incident energies was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Weak dissipative coupling (α) modifies low-energy threshold laws due to infrared bath singularities.
  • Sticking probability for neutral particles asymptotically follows s~E((1+α)/2(1-α)).
  • Sticking probability for charged particles asymptotically follows s~E(α/2(1-α)), enabling quantum mirrors for them.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms that surfaces can act as quantum mirrors for charged particles, reflecting them at near-zero incident energies.
  • Dissipative effects, particularly infrared singularities, play a critical role in modifying quantum sticking laws.
  • A numerical example illustrates electron sticking to porous silicon, involving Rayleigh phonon emission.