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Related Concept Videos

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized, and...
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which forms a...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
Coagulation01:09

Coagulation

The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...

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Rapid Point-of-Care Assay of Enoxaparin Anticoagulant Efficacy in Whole Blood
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Published on: October 12, 2012

Heparanase procoagulant activity.

Yona Nadir1, Benjamin Brenner

  • 1Thrombosis and Hemostasis Unit, Department of Hematology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel. ynadir@netvision.net.il

Thrombosis Research
|June 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heparanase, an enzyme abundant in the placenta, influences blood clotting and may contribute to pregnancy complications and tumor metastasis. Further research into heparanase

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Heparanase is abundant in the placenta and linked to cell invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis.
  • Heparanase's role in the hemostatic system, beyond its enzymatic activity, is under investigation.
  • Heparanase has been observed to be over-expressed in human malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the non-enzymatic effects of heparanase on the hemostatic system.
  • To explore the interaction of heparanase with tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI).
  • To assess the clinical relevance of heparanase levels in pregnancy complications and post-surgery patients.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated heparanase's effect on tissue factor (TF) expression and TFPI interaction on cell surfaces.
  • Assessed heparanase's direct enhancement of TF activity and subsequent factor Xa production.
  • Analyzed plasma levels of heparanase in patients with pregnancy complications and orthopedic surgery patients.

Main Results:

  • Heparanase up-regulates TF expression and causes TFPI dissociation from cell membranes, increasing coagulation activity.
  • Heparanase directly enhances TF activity, leading to increased factor Xa production and coagulation activation.
  • Elevated plasma heparanase levels and procoagulant activity were observed in pregnant women and orthopedic surgery patients.

Conclusions:

  • Heparanase plays a significant role in the coagulation system through non-enzymatic mechanisms.
  • Heparanase's involvement in coagulation suggests a potential link to pregnancy vascular complications and thrombosis.
  • The interaction of heparanase with the coagulation cascade presents a novel research avenue for cancer and thrombosis.