Layer-by-layer assembly of microcapsules and their biomedical applications

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Chemical Engineering

Background:

• Nanoengineered multifunctional capsules are key colloidal structures with broad applications.
• Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly provides precise control over capsule properties.
• Research on these capsules has surged, especially for biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent progress in multilayer capsule fabrication and applications.
• To highlight advances in LbL assembly techniques for tailored capsule properties.
• To summarize the biomedical applications of these advanced capsules.

Main Methods:

• Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly onto colloidal templates.
• Selective template removal to form hollow capsules.
• Functionalization via cross-linking, covalent bonding, and bio-specific interactions.

Main Results:

• LbL assembly allows fine-tuning of capsule size, shape, composition, and wall thickness.
• New strategies enhance fabrication speed and enable multi-compartmental and shape-transforming capsules.
• Significant progress in tailoring capsule properties for specific functions.

Conclusions:

• Multilayer capsules fabricated by LbL assembly are versatile platforms.
• Ongoing research focuses on advanced fabrication and functionalization for enhanced performance.
• These capsules show great promise in drug delivery, biosensing, and bioreactors.