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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:

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Updated: May 21, 2026

Immunohistochemical Staining of B7-H1 (PD-L1) on Paraffin-embedded Slides of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tissue

Immunohistochemical Staining of B7-H1 (PD-L1) on Paraffin-embedded Slides of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tissue

Published on: January 3, 2013

Mesenteric panniculitis: a paraneoplastic phenomenon?

Anna Wilkes¹, Nick Griffin, Liane Dixon

¹Department of Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Diseases of the Colon and Rectum

|June 19, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenteric panniculitis, an inflammatory condition, is frequently linked to underlying cancers. Larger lymph nodes and lack of the fat ring sign on CT scans may predict malignancy in these patients.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Immunohistochemical Staining of B7-H1 (PD-L1) on Paraffin-embedded Slides of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tissue

Immunohistochemical Staining of B7-H1 (PD-L1) on Paraffin-embedded Slides of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tissue

Published on: January 3, 2013

Area of Science:

Radiology
Oncology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Mesenteric panniculitis is an inflammatory condition affecting mesenteric adipose tissue.
It presents characteristic findings on abdominal CT imaging.
The exact cause is unknown, but it is associated with malignancy.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the prevalence of malignancy in patients with mesenteric panniculitis.
To identify predictors of underlying malignancy in these patients.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of medical records and imaging.
Inclusion of patients with mesenteric panniculitis on CT scans from 2003-2010.
Analysis of demographic, clinical, and radiological features.

Main Results:

Out of 118 patients, 45 (38%) had an identified malignancy.
Colorectal, lymphoma, and urogenital tract malignancies were most common.
Lymph node size >12 mm and absence of the fat ring sign predicted subsequent malignancy.

Conclusions:

Mesenteric panniculitis is often associated with malignancy, typically diagnosed beforehand.
Predictors for malignancy include enlarged lymph nodes and absence of the fat ring sign.
Radiological identification of mesenteric panniculitis warrants suspicion for underlying malignancy.