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Health effects of volcanic ash: a repeat study
E Yano1, Y Yokoyama, H Higashi
1Department of Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Archives of Environmental Health
|November 1, 1990
Summary
Chronic exposure to volcanic ash from Mount Sakurajima showed a low prevalence of respiratory symptoms. Further studies confirmed minimal respiratory effects in nearby residents, even with high particulate matter exposure.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Pulmonology
- Volcanology
Background:
- Mount Sakurajima volcano in Japan frequently erupts, releasing significant volcanic ash near residential areas.
- Previous research indicated a low prevalence of respiratory symptoms despite chronic exposure to volcanic ash.
Purpose of the Study:
- To re-evaluate the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms in residents near Mount Sakurajima.
- To confirm previous findings on the respiratory effects of volcanic ash exposure.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional prevalence study was conducted in Kanoya and Tashiro, 25 and 50 km from the volcano, respectively.
- A modified ATS-DLD questionnaire was administered to women aged 30-59 with over 3 years of residency.
- Particulate matter concentrations were measured, with Kanoya exceeding environmental standards.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of nonspecific respiratory disease was low in both locations (6.5% in Kanoya, 6.2% in Tashiro).
- Prevalence was similar in never-smokers.
- A non-significant slight increase in respiratory disease was observed in Kanoya compared to Tashiro among individuals with no occupational dust or passive smoking exposure.
Conclusions:
- Chronic exposure to volcanic ash from Mount Sakurajima is associated with a low prevalence of respiratory symptoms.
- The study confirms minimal impact on respiratory health in nearby populations, even with elevated particulate matter levels.