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Cervical dystonia: from pathophysiology to pharmacotherapy
1Michael Trimble Neuropsychiatry Research Group, Department of Neuropsychiatry, BSMHFT and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Behavioural Neurology
|June 21, 2012
Summary
Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) and botulinum toxin type B (BTB) are safe and effective treatments for cervical dystonia (CD). These therapies offer reliable symptom relief with fewer adverse effects than trihexyphenidyl.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Movement Disorders
Background:
- Dystonia is a chronic neurological disorder impacting motor control.
- Cervical dystonia (CD), or spasmodic torticollis, involves neck muscle spasms and abnormal postures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review evidence on treatments for cervical dystonia (CD).
- To focus on safety and efficacy demonstrated in double-blinded, randomized controlled trials.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of existing literature.
- Analysis of double-blinded, randomized controlled trials for CD treatments.
Main Results:
- Botulinum toxin type A (BTA), botulinum toxin type B (BTB), and trihexyphenidyl are safe and effective for CD.
- Botulinum toxin therapies provide more reliable relief and fewer side effects than trihexyphenidyl.
- BTA and BTB show similar benefits; BTA may offer longer duration and a better side effect profile. BTB is effective for BTA-resistant cases.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacological management of CD primarily utilizes BTA and BTB.
- Both BTA and BTB are established, effective, and well-tolerated treatments for cervical dystonia.
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