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Cyclotron produced ⁴⁴gSc from natural calcium.

G W Severin1, J W Engle, H F Valdovinos

  • 1Medical Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States. gwseverin@gmail.com

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
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This study details the production of Scandium-44g (44gSc) via proton irradiation of calcium. High yields and purity were achieved, making it suitable for radiopharmaceutical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Chemistry
  • Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry

Background:

  • Scandium-44g (44gSc) is a positron-emitting radionuclide with potential applications in nuclear medicine.
  • Efficient and high-purity production methods are crucial for its clinical translation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize the production of 44gSc through proton irradiation of calcium.
  • To assess the radionuclidic purity and yield of the produced 44gSc.
  • To evaluate the reactivity of 44gSc with chelating agents for radiolabeling.

Main Methods:

  • Irradiation of unenriched calcium metal with 16 MeV protons.
  • Separation of scandium from the calcium target via filtration.
  • Reconstitution of scandium in dilute hydrochloric acid.
  • Reaction of 44gSc with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA).

Main Results:

  • Production of 44gSc with radionuclidic purity >95%.
  • Thick target yield at saturation of 213 MBq/μA for 44gSc.
  • Significantly higher yields of 44gSc compared to contaminants (43Sc, 44mSc, 47Sc, 48Sc) for 1-2h bombardments.
  • Reactivity of 54 ± 14 GBq/μmol with DOTA at end-of-bombardment.

Conclusions:

  • Proton irradiation of calcium is an effective method for producing high-purity 44gSc.
  • The high yield and purity make this method practical for producing 44gSc for radiolabeling.
  • The demonstrated reactivity with DOTA supports its use in developing 44gSc-based radiopharmaceuticals.