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An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
Published on: December 2, 2015
Depression and cardiovascular risk factors: evidence from a large postmortem sample.
Claudia K Suemoto1, Marcio V Damico, Renata E L Ferretti
1Discipline of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil. cksuemoto@usp.br
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
|June 30, 2012
Summary
Sedentary behavior and smoking were linked to a higher likelihood of depression in older adults. Managing these risk factors may help reduce depression incidence.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Psychiatry
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Depression is a prevalent mental health condition with significant public health implications.
- Cardiovascular risk factors and diseases (CVRFD) represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
- Understanding the interplay between depression and CVRFD is crucial for comprehensive health management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between depression and various cardiovascular risk factors and diseases.
- To examine these associations in a large population-based sample of older adults.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 1012 deceased individuals over 50 years old.
- Data collected from caregivers included demographics, socioeconomic status, and CVRFD information.
- Depression diagnosis was confirmed using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Mental Disorders.
Main Results:
- Depression showed a significant association with female gender (OR=1.86), widowhood (OR=1.54), physical inactivity (OR=1.61), and smoking (OR=2.03).
- Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed these associations.
- No significant association was found between depression and other CVRFD.
Conclusions:
- Physical inactivity and smoking are associated with an increased lifetime prevalence of depression.
- Interventions targeting sedentary behavior and smoking cessation may play a role in decreasing depression incidence.
- Further research is warranted to explore causal pathways and effective interventions.
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