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Capsule endoscopy examination identifies different leading causes of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding in patients of
Bing-Ling Zhang1, Chun-Xrao Chen, You-Ming Li
1Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Insights
Capsule endoscopy is valuable for diagnosing obscure gastrointestinal bleeding across all age groups. It effectively identifies common causes like vascular malformations and tumors, aiding in targeted patient management.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Diagnostic Endoscopy
Background:
- Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) presents diagnostic challenges.
- Understanding age-related etiologies of OGIB is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of capsule endoscopy in OGIB patients.
- To analyze the varying causes of OGIB across different age demographics.
Main Methods:
- 385 OGIB patients (17-91 years) were categorized into young adults, middle-aged, and elderly groups.
- Capsule endoscopy was employed for gastrointestinal examination in all participants.
Main Results:
- Detection and diagnostic rates of capsule endoscopy showed no significant age-based differences (61-67% detection, 45-54% diagnosis).
- Common findings included vascular malformations, tumors, Crohn's disease, enteritis, and ulcers.
- Etiologies varied by age: elderly (vascular malformations, ulcers, tumors), middle-aged (vascular malformation, tumors, enteritis), and young adults (Crohn's disease, tumors, enteritis).
Conclusions:
- Capsule endoscopy demonstrates significant diagnostic value for OGIB in all age groups.
- It aids in identifying the primary causes of OGIB, facilitating tailored treatment strategies.
Background/Aims:
We aimed to investigate the diagnostic applications of capsule endoscopy examination patients in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and to analyze the etiology of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding in patients of different ages.
Material And Methods:
A total of 385 patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, aged 17-91 years, were assigned into three groups as: elderly (>65 years), middle-aged (41-65 years) and young adults (17-40 years). Gastrointestinal examinations were carried out in each participant with the use of a capsule endoscopy diagnostic system.
Results:
Overall, the detection rates for positive capsule endoscopy findings in the elderly, middle-aged and young adult groups were 66.94%, 62.29% and 61.80%, respectively, and the diagnostic rates were 48.76%, 45.14% and 53.93%, respectively. No significant difference existed in either rate between the different age groups. The commonest pathological changes detected were vascular malformations, intestinal tumors, Crohn’s disease, non-specific enteritis, and small intestine ulcer, but the distribution of these causes for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding varied between the different age groups. The top three common reasons for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly group were vascular malformations, small intestine ulcers and small intestine tumors, while in the middle-aged group vascular malformation, small intestine tumor and non-specific enteritis were the most common. The young adults were most likely to have Crohn’s disease, small intestine tumors or non-specific enteritis.
Conclusions:
Capsule endoscopy examination not only shows potential diagnostic value for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, but it also helps to identify the leading causes of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding in all age groups.
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