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Beyond PICO: the SPIDER tool for qualitative evidence synthesis
Alison Cooke1, Debbie Smith, Andrew Booth
1Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom. Alison.Cooke@manchester.ac.uk
Qualitative Health Research
|July 26, 2012
Summary
This study introduces SPIDER, a new search strategy for qualitative research, as an alternative to the PICO framework. SPIDER aims to improve the retrieval of qualitative and mixed-methods studies.
Area of Science:
- Health Sciences
- Information Science
Background:
- Systematic search strategies are crucial for research rigor.
- Existing search tools, like PICO, primarily retrieve quantitative research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address limitations of PICO for qualitative and mixed methods research.
- To introduce and evaluate the SPIDER search strategy tool for qualitative/mixed methods research.
Main Methods:
- Compared PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) and SPIDER (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type) search strategies.
- Applied both SPIDER and PICO to a qualitative research question.
Main Results:
- The SPIDER tool offers a framework for qualitative and mixed methods research questions.
- Highlighted the need for better indexing of qualitative articles in databases.
Conclusions:
- SPIDER advances search strategy thinking beyond PICO for qualitative research.
- SPIDER requires further refinement and testing to become a viable alternative to PICO.
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