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Related Concept Videos

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Updated: May 19, 2026

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines
07:49

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Published on: March 17, 2023

Genetically-defined metabolic reprogramming in cancer.

Andrew R Mullen1, Ralph J DeBerardinis

  • 1Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics and McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas - Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8502, USA.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|August 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer-driving genes, oncogenes and tumor suppressors, reprogram cell metabolism. Mutations in metabolic enzymes like phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase directly influence cancer, presenting new therapeutic targets.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

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Published on: March 17, 2023

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Metabolic pathways

Background:

  • Oncogenes and tumor suppressors critically regulate cellular metabolism.
  • Tumorigenic mutations in these genes promote cancer cell survival, growth, and proliferation.
  • Emerging evidence indicates metabolic enzymes themselves can be mutated in cancer, impacting malignancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key metabolic enzymes frequently mutated in cancer.
  • To discuss how these mutations influence tumorigenesis.
  • To highlight their potential as therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on metabolic enzymes in cancer.
  • Analysis of the roles of specific mutated enzymes in tumorigenesis.
  • Discussion of current research findings.

Main Results:

  • Mutations in phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2, succinate dehydrogenase, and fumarate hydratase are implicated in cancer.
  • These mutated enzymes can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors.
  • Their altered metabolic activity directly contributes to cancer development.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic enzymes are crucial players in cancer, functioning as oncogenes and tumor suppressors.
  • Targeting these mutated enzymes offers a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer intervention.
  • Further research into these enzyme mutations will illuminate cancer biology and treatment.