Mineralized and osteoid tissue from dental pulp stem cells on micro-arc oxidation titanium in vitro

The presence of insufficient bone volume affects the implant healing and success. The aim of this study was to evaluate osteogenic capacity of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on micro-arc oxidation (MAO) titanium surface. DPSCs were challenged at MAO and smooth titanium surface separately for different durations, and the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) served as the positive controls. The osteogenic capacity of DPSCs on MAO titanium surface was assessed by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, biochemical tests and real-time quantitative PCR. Data showed that DPSCs differentiated into osteoblasts and expressed bone morphogenetic genes on MAO titanium surface. The results of this study revealed that DPSCs had good potential to generate mineralized tissue on MAO titanium plates. The differential potential of DPSCs may be regulated by MAO titanium surface. The osteogenesis potential of DPSCs on the MAO titanium was similar with BMSCs.