Mandibular left first premolar with two roots: A morphological oddity

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Endodontics
• Dental Anatomy

Background:

• Successful root canal therapy (RCT) depends on a comprehensive understanding of root canal morphology and pulp chamber anatomy.
• Radiographic interpretation is crucial for identifying root and canal structures before and during RCT.
• While some teeth exhibit common root anatomy, variations can occur, necessitating careful clinical consideration.

Observation:

• This case report details a mandibular first premolar presenting with an unusual anatomy: two distinct roots.
• The pulp chamber floor and root structure were meticulously assessed to plan the endodontic treatment.
• Radiographic analysis played a key role in identifying the presence of two roots and planning access.

Findings:

• The mandibular first premolar with two roots was successfully treated using standard root canal therapy protocols.
• The treatment involved thorough cleaning, shaping, and obturation of both root canals.
• Post-operative radiographs confirmed successful root canal treatment and adaptation of filling materials.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering anatomical variations, such as multiple roots, even in teeth with typically low frequencies of such anomalies.
• Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for root anomalies during endodontic evaluations.
• Accurate diagnosis and treatment of complex root canal morphology are essential for predictable long-term outcomes in endodontics.