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Updated: May 19, 2026

Ocular Kinematics Measured by In Vitro Stimulation of the Cranial Nerves in the Turtle
Published on: June 2, 2018
[Study on the structure and function of superior oblique connective tissue in different mammals]
Chun-hua Sun1, Kan-xing Zhao, Jin-yong Lin
1Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Hospital and Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China.
Objective:
The purpose of this research lied in studying the structure and function of connective tissue of superior oblique (SO) in rhesus and rabbit.
Methods:
It was an experimental study. Two adult monkeys (rhesus) and five adult rabbits were involved in this study. The gross anatomy of an orbit in each animal was observed. Meanwhile, the fellow orbit was processed with paraffin imbedding and coronal serial section. Masson trichrome stain was used to distinguish muscle and collagen, and Weigert stain was performed for identification of elastin.
Results:
Connective tissue around SO in both mammals thickened anteriorly, reflected in the trochlea along with the SO tendon, and became contiguous with the nasal aspect of the SR connective tissue ring, while the tendon passed inferior to the SR pulley to insert on the sclera.
Conclusion:
The contraction of SO OL can cause SR shift nasally. This may explain the mechanism of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) partly.
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