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RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing

Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells

Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells

Published on: April 26, 2017

An RNA splicing enhancer that does not act by looping.

Helen Lewis¹, Andrew J Perrett, Glenn A Burley

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|September 1, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Proteins at enhancer sites on pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) do not directly interact with splice sites via looping. The intervening RNA is essential for enhancer activity, challenging the established looping model in gene regulation.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Gene Regulation
RNA Processing

Background:

The prevailing model suggests enhancer-bound proteins interact directly with splice sites on pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) via DNA looping.
This interaction is crucial for regulating alternative splicing.
However, the precise mechanism remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of intervening RNA in enhancer-splice site interactions.
To determine if enhancer-bound proteins interact directly with splice sites or if the intervening RNA mediates the interaction.
To test the validity of the generally accepted looping model.

Main Methods:

Insertion of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker between an enhancer sequence and alternative splice sites in pre-mRNA.
Experimental manipulation to study the functional interaction between the enhancer and splice sites.
Assessing enhancer activity in the presence and absence of the linker.

Main Results:

The presence of intervening RNA was found to be essential for enhancer activity.
The polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker disrupted the enhancer's function.
This indicates that the intervening RNA plays a critical role in mediating the interaction.

Conclusions:

The established looping model, where enhancer-bound proteins directly contact splice sites, is likely incorrect.
Intervening RNA is crucial for enhancer function in regulating alternative splicing.
These findings necessitate a re-evaluation of models for enhancer-promoter and enhancer-splice site communication.