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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...
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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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Published on: June 8, 2018

Control aspects of quantum computing using pure and mixed states.

Thomas Schulte-Herbrüggen1, Raimund Marx, Amr Fahmy

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany. tosh@tum.de

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|September 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Quantum control techniques steer quantum dynamics for solving hard problems and advancing quantum technologies. This unified framework covers gate synthesis and state transfer for both pure and mixed quantum states, with broad applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Quantum information science
  • Quantum control theory

Background:

  • Quantum dynamics control is crucial for quantum simulation, computation, and technology development.
  • Existing control techniques often focus on pure quantum states, limiting applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a unified framework for quantum control techniques.
  • To demonstrate the applicability of quantum control to both pure and mixed quantum states.
  • To highlight diverse applications of quantum control in quantum technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review and unification of important quantum control techniques.
  • Analysis of control strategies for pure state quantum circuits.
  • Exploitation of ensemble mixtures of quantum states for advanced algorithms.

Main Results:

  • A unified perspective on quantum control encompassing gate synthesis and spectroscopic state transfer.
  • Demonstration that quantum control is effective for both pure and mixed quantum states.
  • Characterization of the Jones polynomial for knot classification using mixed states.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum control is a versatile tool applicable to a wide range of quantum systems and problems.
  • The framework facilitates the design of quantum algorithms and the development of quantum technologies.
  • Future applications span various quantum computing architectures and open quantum system scenarios.