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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's forehead...
Thermometers and Temperature Scales01:22

Thermometers and Temperature Scales

Any physical property that depends consistently and reproducibly on temperature can be used as the basis of a thermometer. For example, volume increases with temperature for most substances. This property is the basis for the common alcohol thermometer and the original mercury thermometers. Other properties used to measure temperature include electrical resistance, color, and the emission of infrared radiation.
As many physical properties depend on temperature, the variety of thermometers is...
What is Biodiversity?01:19

What is Biodiversity?

Biodiversity describes the variety of living things at multiple organizational levels: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Species diversity includes all branches of the evolutionary tree from single-celled prokaryotic organisms, bacteria, and archaea, to the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants; animals; fungi; and protists. To date, there have been about 1.75 million species identified, and new species are discovered every week.
Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C (97–99°F), remaining relatively stable...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment
08:39

Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment

Published on: October 28, 2022

Biodiversity tracks temperature over time.

Peter J Mayhew1, Mark A Bell, Timothy G Benton

  • 1Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom. peter.mayhew@york.ac.uk

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|September 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global warming may boost biodiversity. New analysis of marine invertebrate fossils reveals that taxonomic richness increases with temperature when accounting for sampling biases, challenging previous findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Paleontology
  • Macroecology
  • Macroevolution

Background:

  • Global biodiversity generally increases with temperature, but fossil records show the opposite trend.
  • Previous analyses of Phanerozoic (540 million years) marine invertebrate fossils indicated declining paleodiversity with warming.
  • Contradictory findings pose theoretical challenges in understanding biodiversity-temperature relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the relationship between marine invertebrate biodiversity and temperature during the Phanerozoic Eon.
  • To investigate the impact of sampling effort on the perceived biodiversity-temperature correlation.
  • To reconcile conflicting patterns observed in macroevolutionary and macroecological studies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of marine invertebrate biodiversity patterns across the Phanerozoic Eon.
  • Implementation of statistical controls for sampling effort in paleontological data.
  • Modeling of extinction and origination rates in relation to temperature and other environmental variables.

Main Results:

  • Controlling for sampling bias reverses the previously reported negative biodiversity-temperature relationship.
  • Taxonomic richness of marine invertebrates shows a positive correlation with increasing global temperatures.
  • Temperature emerges as a significant predictor of extinction and origination rates.

Conclusions:

  • Previous reports of a negative biodiversity-temperature link are likely due to paleontological sampling biases.
  • The study suggests a convergence between macroevolutionary and macroecological patterns regarding temperature and biodiversity.
  • A warming planet may support increased marine invertebrate biodiversity over geological timescales.