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Updated: May 18, 2026

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Glenohumeral stability from concavity-compression: A quantitative analysis.

S B Lippitt¹, J E Vanderhooft, S L Harris

¹From the Department of Orthopaedics, University of Washington, Seattle.

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery

|September 11, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Glenoid concavity compression effectively stabilizes the humeral head against dislocation. An intact labrum enhances this stability, crucial for shoulder joint function during mid-range motion.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Biomechanics
Anatomy

Background:

The glenohumeral joint relies on various mechanisms for stability.
Understanding the role of concavity-compression is vital for diagnosing and treating shoulder instability.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the stabilizing effect of humeral head compression into the glenoid concavity.
To assess the contribution of the glenoid labrum to this stabilizing mechanism.

Main Methods:

Utilized ten fresh-frozen cadaver glenohumeral joints with intact labra.
Applied compressive loads (50 N and 100 N) and measured resistance to dislocation under tangential forces.
Repeated tests after labrum excision to determine its specific contribution.

Main Results:

Concavity-compression significantly stabilizes the humeral head, resisting up to 60% of the compressive load with an intact labrum.
Stabilization varied circumferentially, with greater effect superiorly and inferiorly, potentially due to glenoid depth.
Labrum excision reduced compression stabilization effectiveness by approximately 20%.

Conclusions:

Concavity-compression is an efficient glenohumeral joint stabilizing mechanism, particularly when capsule and ligaments are lax.
An intact glenoid labrum significantly enhances the effectiveness of concavity-compression for shoulder stability.