Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct01:24

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Secretion01:28

Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Secretion

Active tubular secretion is a robust, energy-demanding process that utilizes carrier systems to transport drugs into renal tubules. The active renal secretion systems include the organic anion transporter (OAT) for weak acids and the organic cation transporter (OCT) for weak bases. Structurally similar drugs can compete for the same transporter, potentially leading to drug accumulation and toxicity. However, this principle can be exploited therapeutically. One example is probenecid (Probalan),...
Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Reabsorption01:25

Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Reabsorption

Tubular reabsorption, a process occurring post-glomerular filtration of drugs in the renal tubule, is a critical determinant of drug half-life. During the process of renal excretion, as the glomerular filtrate progresses to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), drugs that are highly permeable, lipophilic, and nonionized undergo passive reabsorption from the tubular fluid into the surrounding peritubular capillaries. This reabsorption process restricts their elimination through the kidneys. This...
Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Secretion01:15

Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Secretion

Once the process of glomerular filtration is completed, blood carrying unfiltered drug molecules traverses through efferent arterioles and makes its way into the peritubular capillaries in the proximal tubule. A variety of carriers play a pivotal role in actively secreting drugs from these peritubular capillaries into the tubular fluid. The organic anion transporter transfers acidic drugs, against an electrochemical gradient, from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule cells and...
Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

"One-Stop" Simultaneous TEVAR and Renal Denervation for Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection Complicated by Refractory Hypertension.

JACC. Case reports·2026
Same author

Nurses' Behaviours and Implementation Factors Towards Promoting Mobility Among Hospitalized Older Adults in China: A Mixed Method Study.

Nursing open·2026
Same author

Cinchonain Ia inhibits uric acid reabsorption by binding to the TRP-459 residue of the GLUT9 protein.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2026
Same author

The Wnt/StarD7 axis protects retinal ganglion cells from glutamate excitotoxicity by inhibiting ferroptosis.

Biology direct·2026
Same author

A nomogram for predicting the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a prospective multicenter study.

Frontiers in pediatrics·2026
Same author

A Pilot Serum Metabolomics Reveals Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Identifies Methylguanidine as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for ATAAD with Mesenteric Malperfusion Syndrome.

Metabolites·2026
Same journal

Preclinical Advances in Functionalized Nanozymes for Periodontitis: From Antibacterial Action to Tissue Regeneration.

International journal of nanomedicine·2026
Same journal

Advanced Multiscale Inhalation Platforms for Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases.

International journal of nanomedicine·2026
Same journal

Extracellular Vesicles for Therapeutic Applications: A Translational Framework Integrating Sources, Administration Routes, Indications, Quality Control, and Regulatory Systems.

International journal of nanomedicine·2026
Same journal

Exosome-Biomaterial Platforms for Diabetic Skin Infections: Microenvironment Remodeling, Responsive Delivery, and Clinical Translation.

International journal of nanomedicine·2026
Same journal

Diosmin-Capped Silver Nanoparticles Promote Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: Box-Behnken Optimization and in vitro Evaluation.

International journal of nanomedicine·2026
Same journal

Surfactant-Engineered Niosomal Antibiotic Systems for Biofilm-Associated Infections: Design Principles and Translational Perspectives.

International journal of nanomedicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Interaction between submicron COD crystals and renal epithelial cells.

Hua Peng1, Jian-Ming Ouyang, Xiu-Qiong Yao

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.

International Journal of Nanomedicine
|September 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Submicron calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals adhere more strongly to damaged kidney cells, increasing cell injury and contributing to early kidney stone formation.

Keywords:
calcium oxalate dihydratecell modulationcrystal adhesionkidney stonepathological mineralization

More Related Videos

Microfluidic Co-culture of Renal Healthy and Tumor Epithelium to Model Kidney Cancer Progression
06:29

Microfluidic Co-culture of Renal Healthy and Tumor Epithelium to Model Kidney Cancer Progression

Published on: January 31, 2025

Implementing Patch Clamp and Live Fluorescence Microscopy to Monitor Functional Properties of Freshly Isolated PKD Epithelium
08:46

Implementing Patch Clamp and Live Fluorescence Microscopy to Monitor Functional Properties of Freshly Isolated PKD Epithelium

Published on: September 1, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Microfluidic Co-culture of Renal Healthy and Tumor Epithelium to Model Kidney Cancer Progression
06:29

Microfluidic Co-culture of Renal Healthy and Tumor Epithelium to Model Kidney Cancer Progression

Published on: January 31, 2025

Implementing Patch Clamp and Live Fluorescence Microscopy to Monitor Functional Properties of Freshly Isolated PKD Epithelium
08:46

Implementing Patch Clamp and Live Fluorescence Microscopy to Monitor Functional Properties of Freshly Isolated PKD Epithelium

Published on: September 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Kidney stones are a significant health concern, with calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) being a primary component.
  • Understanding the initial interactions between kidney cells and COD microcrystals is crucial for elucidating stone formation mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the adhesion of submicron COD to kidney cells (Vero cells) before and after induced injury.
  • To explore the role of cell damage and osteopontin expression in COD adhesion.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of early-stage kidney stone formation.

Main Methods:

  • Establishment of an oxidative injury model in Vero cells using hydrogen peroxide.
  • Assessment of COD-Vero cell adhesion using scanning electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry.
  • Measurement of cell surface zeta potential, osteopontin expression, malonaldehyde content, and cell viability.

Main Results:

  • Injured Vero cells exhibited significantly stronger adhesion to submicron COD compared to control cells.
  • COD adhesion led to decreased cell viability, increased malonaldehyde content, and elevated zeta potential.
  • Osteopontin expression decreased on the cell surface due to COD coverage, and submicron COD exacerbated cell damage.

Conclusions:

  • Submicron COD crystals can further injure already damaged kidney epithelial cells.
  • The degree of cell damage is directly proportional to the amount of adhered COD microcrystals.
  • Enhanced adhesion of COD to injured cells is a critical factor in the initiation of kidney stone formation.