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Updated: May 18, 2026

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
Published on: November 21, 2013
Extrapyramidal examinations in psychiatry
Richard D Sanders1, Paulette Marie Gillig
1Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
Abstract:
Extrapyramidal signs include increased motor tone, changes in the amount and velocity of movement, and involuntary motor activity. They include two groups of signs and related disorders: hypokinetic (similar to Parkinson's disease) and hyperkinetic (similar to Huntington's disease). This article covers some of the neuroscience behind extrapyramidal disorders, the relevance of extrapyramidal signs in the major psychiatric disorders, the major extrapyramidal movement disorders, and how to elicit extrapyramidal signs.
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