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Related Concept Videos

The Uncertainty Principle04:08

The Uncertainty Principle

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...
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The free energy change for a process taking place with reactants and products present under nonstandard conditions (pressures other than 1 bar; concentrations other than 1 M) is related to the standard free energy change according to this equation:
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The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.

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Updated: May 18, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Quantum cost for sending entanglement.

Alexander Streltsov1, Hermann Kampermann, Dagmar Bruß

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. streltsov@thphy.uni-duesseldorf.de

Physical Review Letters
|September 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored the most efficient method for distributing quantum entanglement between distant locations. They discovered that quantum correlations, not just physical transport, are the key resource for optimal entanglement distribution.

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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

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Published on: September 5, 2019

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06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Communication
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Establishing quantum entanglement between distant parties is crucial for quantum information processing.
  • Current methods often involve creating and physically transporting entangled states, which may not be the most resource-efficient approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the minimal cost, or resource, required for establishing a specific amount of entanglement between two distant parties.
  • To investigate if physical transport of entangled states is the most economical method for long-distance entanglement distribution.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical investigation of entanglement distribution protocols.
  • Analysis of the fundamental resources underpinning the establishment of quantum correlations over distance.

Main Results:

  • The minimal cost for establishing entanglement is intrinsically quantum and is quantified by quantum correlations.
  • Quantum correlations are proven to be the essential resource for optimal entanglement distribution.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum correlations are the fundamental resource for efficient long-distance entanglement distribution.
  • The findings suggest an optimal protocol for entanglement distribution that leverages quantum correlations.