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Related Concept Videos

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

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Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

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Dynamic Equilibrium02:20

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A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...
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Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
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Multistability with a metastable mixed state.

Kim Sneppen1, Namiko Mitarai

  • 1Niels Bohr Institute/CMOL, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Physical Review Letters
|September 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complex systems exhibit multiple stable states. A new model shows that D microstates can form D+1 macrostates, with a diverse mixed state becoming more robust as diversity increases.

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Area of Science:

  • Complex Systems
  • Theoretical Biology
  • Evolutionary Dynamics

Background:

  • Complex dynamical systems frequently display multiple metastable states.
  • Such phenomena are observed across macroevolution (punctuated equilibrium), molecular biology (epigenetics, cellular states), and sociopolitical systems (regimes, political factions).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a model system that explains multistability in complex systems.
  • To investigate the emergence and robustness of metastable macrostates from interacting microstates.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a theoretical model involving D mutually exclusive microstates competing for dominance.
  • Inclusion of a common intermediate state to form macrostates.
  • Analysis of the resulting D+1 metastable macrostates, including a mixed state.

Main Results:

  • The model predicts D+1 metastable macrostates for a system with D microstates and one common intermediate state.
  • A self-reinforced mixed macrostate emerges, incorporating all microstates.
  • The robustness of this mixed metastable state increases with the diversity D of microstates.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model provides a framework for understanding multistability in diverse complex systems.
  • Increased diversity (D) enhances the stability of the emergent mixed macrostate.
  • This framework has implications for fields ranging from evolutionary biology to social sciences.