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Colloids and Suspensions

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...

The Colloidal State

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...

Colloids

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...

Two Components: Liquid–Liquid Systems

Two Components: Liquid–Liquid Systems

A pressure-composition phase diagram explicitly describes the behavior of an ideal solution of two volatile liquids under varying pressures and compositions. A pressure-composition diagram has two main curves. The bubble point curve represents the plot of pressure versus liquid mole fraction. It indicates the pressure at which the first bubble of vapor forms from the liquid phase as the system pressure decreases.The dew point curve is the pressure versus vapor mole fraction. It indicates the...

Colloidal precipitates

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

Dynamic Equilibrium

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

Interaction dynamics of two colloids in a single optical potential.

Benjamin Tränkle¹, Michael Speidel, Alexander Rohrbach

¹Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Photonics, Georges-Koehler-Allee 102, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|September 26, 2012

Summary

We measured the 3D motion of two colloidal spheres and found that short-range surface forces control their dynamic interaction. These forces, which are attractive in one direction and repulsive in others, impact particle behavior and contact times.

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

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Published on: May 20, 2014

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Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Published on: April 22, 2016

Area of Science:

Colloid science
Soft matter physics
Biophysics

Background:

Hydrodynamic coupling significantly influences the interaction of diffusing particles.
Understanding colloidal sphere dynamics is crucial for various scientific fields.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dynamic interaction of two colloidal spheres in a common harmonic potential.
To analyze the influence of short-range surface forces on particle dynamics.

Main Methods:

Utilized scanning line optical tweezers to generate a harmonic potential for two colloidal spheres.
Tracked 3D trajectories at 10 kHz and analyzed position cross-correlations C(τ) over a wide time range.
Employed a theoretical model with two Langevin equations to describe particle dynamics.

Main Results:

Discovered that dynamic interactions are governed by short-range surface forces (F(s)) with anisotropic behavior (attractive in one direction, repulsive in others).
Demonstrated that variations in salt concentration and reaction volume affect C(τ) and mean contact times.
Showed that the theoretical model accurately describes collective and relative motions.

Conclusions:

Short-range anisotropic surface forces play a key role in colloidal particle interactions.
Environmental factors like salt concentration and volume influence particle dynamics and contact.
Findings offer new insights into biological particle interactions and colloidal systems.