Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Functions of the Nervous System01:18

Functions of the Nervous System

The nervous system is responsible for coordinating and regulating the body's functions. It functions through three main processes: sensory, integrative, and motor processes. Sensory function involves the detection and transmission of information about internal and external stimuli from sensory receptors to the CNS. The CNS processes this information through an integrative function, where it interprets and makes decisions based on the incoming sensory information. Finally, the motor function...
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
Lobes of the Cerebrum01:22

Lobes of the Cerebrum

The cerebral cortex, a critical structure of the brain, is intricately divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four distinct lobes: occipital, temporal, frontal, and parietal. These lobes function cooperatively to regulate various cognitive and sensory functions, forming the basis of our complex neural capabilities.
Frontal lobe
The frontal lobes, located behind the forehead, are the command center of our brain, controlling personality, intelligence, and voluntary muscle movements.
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Schooling Trajectories and the Development of Brain Dynamics: A Comparative Study of Montessori and Traditional Education.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

A Qualitative Study of the Lived Experience of Children with ADHD.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Maternal Perinatal Depressive Symptoms, Prenatal Maternal Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressants, and Executive Functions in Children: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study.

Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP·2025
Same author

Executive functions in Thai adolescents: Development of an inventory measure, its factors, and norms.

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS·2025
Same author

Integrating Social and Emotional Learning into Mathematics Education: A Multiple Case Study of JUMP Math's Approach to Creating Socially and Emotionally Supportive Learning Environments.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Assessment of Executive and Cognitive Functions in Children with Restless Sleep Disorder: A Pilot Study.

Brain sciences·2022
Same journal

Implicit Bias: Evolution of a Powerful Idea.

Annual review of psychology·2026
Same journal

Introduction.

Annual review of psychology·2026
Same journal

Social Robotics Is Not (Just) About Machines, It Is About People: Psychology's Role in Developing Social Machines.

Annual review of psychology·2025
Same journal

Intensive Longitudinal Methods: Toward a Psychological Science of Daily Life.

Annual review of psychology·2025
Same journal

Human Rationality.

Annual review of psychology·2025
Same journal

Space to Act, Think, and Create.

Annual review of psychology·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
10:13

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

Executive functions.

Adele Diamond1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada. adele.diamond@ubc.ca

Annual Review of Psychology
|October 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Executive functions (EFs) are crucial cognitive skills like focus and self-control. EFs can be trained and improved through practice, and are influenced by overall health.

More Related Videos

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats
08:30

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats

Published on: February 15, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
10:13

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats
08:30

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats

Published on: February 15, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Executive functions (EFs) are essential cognitive processes enabling goal-directed behavior.
  • Core EFs include inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the developmental progression and measurement of core EFs.
  • To address controversies regarding EFs and their relation to other cognitive constructs.
  • To explore the impact of health on EFs and their trainability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on executive functions.
  • Discussion of developmental trajectories and measurement techniques.
  • Analysis of factors influencing EFs, including health and training interventions.

Main Results:

  • EFs encompass inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, with distinct developmental paths.
  • Controversies exist regarding the precise definitions and relationships between EFs and other cognitive abilities.
  • Social, emotional, and physical health significantly impact EF performance, and EFs are amenable to training.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding EFs is critical for cognitive development and overall well-being.
  • Interventions targeting health and providing practice can enhance executive functions.
  • Further research is needed to clarify EF constructs and optimize training methods.