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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this principle...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Neuroimaging-Guided TMS–EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping
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Therapy response with diffusion MRI: an update.

Lauren J Bains1, Martin Zweifel, Harriet C Thoeny

  • 1Department of Diagnostic, Interventional, and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.

Cancer Imaging : the Official Publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society
|October 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) offers early, non-invasive assessment of oncological treatment response by evaluating tumour function. This technique provides insights into cellular microstructure, aiding in timely treatment adjustments for better patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Current oncological treatment assessment relies on morphological criteria (e.g., tumor size) or plasma biomarkers, which provide response insights weeks or months after therapy initiation.
  • Early assessment of treatment response is crucial for newer targeted and fractionated therapies, enabling timely adjustments for non-responding patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles of Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI).
  • To explore the application of DW-MRI in monitoring and predicting tumor response to various oncological treatments.
  • To highlight the potential of DW-MRI as an early indicator of treatment efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) principles are explained.
  • A literature review of studies utilizing DW-MRI for treatment response assessment in oncology is presented.

Main Results:

  • DW-MRI is a non-invasive imaging technique sensitive to tissue microstructure and cellular function.
  • DW-MRI parameters have demonstrated sensitivity to treatment response across various tumor types and organ sites.
  • DW-MRI shows potential as a predictive tool for treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • DW-MRI provides an earlier, non-invasive method for assessing oncological treatment response compared to traditional methods.
  • DW-MRI's sensitivity to tumor function offers valuable insights for treatment monitoring and prediction.
  • The review supports the growing role of DW-MRI in personalized cancer therapy.