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Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control01:16

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control

In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Flash NanoPrecipitation for the Encapsulation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Compounds in Polymeric Nanoparticles
10:12

Flash NanoPrecipitation for the Encapsulation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Compounds in Polymeric Nanoparticles

Published on: January 7, 2019

Controlled nanoparticle formation by diffusion limited coalescence.

R Stepanyan1, J G J L Lebouille, J J M Slot

  • 1DSM Research, PO Box 18, NL-6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands.

Physical Review Letters
|October 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a theory for polymer nanoparticle (NP) size control during precipitation. The final NP diameter depends on mixing and coalescence times, enabling predictable NP size tailoring.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Flash NanoPrecipitation for the Encapsulation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Compounds in Polymeric Nanoparticles
10:12

Flash NanoPrecipitation for the Encapsulation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Compounds in Polymeric Nanoparticles

Published on: January 7, 2019

Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles
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Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

Published on: June 25, 2018

Fabrication of Spherical and Worm-shaped Micellar Nanocrystals by Combining Electrospray, Self-assembly, and Solvent-based Structure Control
06:16

Fabrication of Spherical and Worm-shaped Micellar Nanocrystals by Combining Electrospray, Self-assembly, and Solvent-based Structure Control

Published on: February 11, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are crucial in various scientific and technological applications.
  • The functionality of polymeric NPs is highly dependent on their precise size.
  • Controlling NP size during synthesis remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an analytical theory for predicting the size of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs).
  • To establish a framework for tailoring NP size through controlled precipitation into a bad solvent with surfactants.
  • To understand the key kinetic factors governing NP formation and final diameter.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an analytical theory based on diffusion-limited coalescence kinetics of polymers.
  • Identification of critical time scales: mixing time and coalescence time.
  • Analysis of the ratio of these time scales to determine the final NP diameter.

Main Results:

  • The final NP diameter is determined by the ratio of mixing and coalescence times.
  • NP size exhibits universal scaling behavior.
  • NP size is primarily sensitive to mixing time and polymer concentration under sufficient surfactant concentration.

Conclusions:

  • The developed theory provides a robust framework for the a priori determination of NP size.
  • This understanding allows for precise control over polymeric nanoparticle dimensions.
  • The findings facilitate the rational design of functional polymeric nanomaterials.