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Related Concept Videos

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
Microbial Biosensors01:17

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Electroantennography-based Bio-hybrid Odor-detecting Drone using Silkmoth Antennae for Odor Source Localization
06:00

Electroantennography-based Bio-hybrid Odor-detecting Drone using Silkmoth Antennae for Odor Source Localization

Published on: August 27, 2021

Bioengineered olfactory sensory neuron-based biosensor for specific odorant detection.

Liping Du1, Chunsheng Wu, He Peng

  • 1Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|October 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bioengineered olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) expressing specific olfactory receptors (ORs) show promise for biosensor development. These cells specifically detect odorants like diacetyl, paving the way for advanced odor detection technologies.

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Live-cell Measurement of Odorant Receptor Activation Using a Real-time cAMP Assay
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Live-cell Measurement of Odorant Receptor Activation Using a Real-time cAMP Assay

Published on: October 2, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Electroantennography-based Bio-hybrid Odor-detecting Drone using Silkmoth Antennae for Odor Source Localization
06:00

Electroantennography-based Bio-hybrid Odor-detecting Drone using Silkmoth Antennae for Odor Source Localization

Published on: August 27, 2021

Live-cell Measurement of Odorant Receptor Activation Using a Real-time cAMP Assay
09:11

Live-cell Measurement of Odorant Receptor Activation Using a Real-time cAMP Assay

Published on: October 2, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biosensor Technology

Background:

  • Developing cell-based biosensors for specific odorant detection requires functional cells expressing targeted olfactory receptors (ORs).
  • Primary olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) are potential candidates for biosensing elements due to their natural olfactory capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the feasibility of using bioengineered primary OSNs as sensing elements in biomimetic olfactory-based biosensors.
  • To monitor the membrane potential responses of bioengineered OSNs to odorant molecules using a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS).

Main Methods:

  • Primary OSNs were bioengineered to express the Caenorhabditis elegans olfactory receptor ODR-10 via transient transfection.
  • The response of bioengineered OSNs to odorants was analyzed by monitoring extracellular potential firing patterns in frequency and time domains using LAPS.

Main Results:

  • Bioengineered OSNs demonstrated specific responses to diacetyl, the natural ligand for the ODR-10 receptor.
  • The temporal firing patterns of bioengineered OSNs varied with different concentrations of diacetyl, indicating dose-dependent responses.

Conclusions:

  • Bioengineered OSNs are effective and promising sensing elements for specific odorant detection in biosensors.
  • Bioengineering techniques offer novel approaches for creating sensitive elements and advancing the development of practical olfactory-based biosensors.