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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...

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Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
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Pericardial calcification in constrictive pericarditis.

Michel Toledano1, Anjali Bhagra

  • 1Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. bhagra.anjali@mayo.edu.

International Journal of Emergency Medicine
|October 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnosing constrictive pericarditis (CP) in cirrhosis patients requires vigilance. A simple chest X-ray can help expedite diagnosis, preventing years of misdiagnosis for this serious condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Radiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Constrictive pericarditis (CP) diagnosis is challenging in patients with cirrhosis and volume overload.
  • Symptoms are often misattributed to other conditions, leading to delayed diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic utility of chest X-ray in identifying constrictive pericarditis.
  • To emphasize the importance of a high index of suspicion for CP in specific patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • Case report detailing a patient with presumed alcoholic cirrhosis presenting with anasarca.
  • Utilized abdominal ultrasound, chest X-ray, transthoracic echocardiogram, and ECG-gated CT scan for diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Chest X-ray revealed pericardial calcification and pleural effusion, suggesting CP.
  • Multimodality imaging confirmed constrictive pericarditis.
  • Patient was referred for pericardiectomy.

Conclusions:

  • Constrictive pericarditis diagnosis is frequently overlooked, with symptoms often attributed to other diseases.
  • A multimodal approach is essential for diagnosing CP.
  • Chest X-ray is a valuable, non-invasive tool for early constrictive pericarditis detection.