Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

E2 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism

E2 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism

SN2 substitutions and E2 eliminations of alkyl halides proceed via a concerted pathway. While the nucleophile attacks the alpha carbon in SN2 reactions, it functions as a strong base and abstracts a beta hydrogen in the E2 mechanism. The rate-limiting transition state in E2 elimination reactions is characterized by partially broken carbon–hydrogen and carbon–halogen bonds and a partially formed pi bond between the alpha and beta carbons. The beta hydrogen and halide are eliminated...

E2 Reaction: Stereochemistry and Regiochemistry

E2 Reaction: Stereochemistry and Regiochemistry

Elimination reactions of alkyl halides can yield one or more alkenes depending on the specific regiochemical and stereochemical considerations. While the regiochemistry of the reaction governs the location of the double bond in the product, the stereochemical requirements often influence the geometry.
When a substrate with two different β hydrogens undergoes an E2 elimination, the presence of a strong base can yield two regioisomeric alkenes. The more-substituted alkene is the major product and...

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0, resulting in...

E1 Reaction: Stereochemistry and Regiochemistry

E1 Reaction: Stereochemistry and Regiochemistry

One of the critical aspects of the E1 reaction mechanism, as also observed in E2, is the regiochemistry, with multiple regioisomers obtained as products. In the example discussed, the presence of water as a weak base favors elimination over substitution to generate two alkenes. Given that alkenes’ stability increases with the number of alkyl groups across the double bond, typically, E1 reactions lead to the Zaitsev product, for this is more substituted and stable than the Hofmann product.

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and refractory oxide ion...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

THE RETTENMEYER ARMY ANT GUEST COLLECTION: A MULTIFACETED RESOURCE FOR INVESTIGATING THE FUNDAMENTAL NATURE OF THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ARMY ANTS AND THEIR "GUESTS".

The Journal of parasitology·2026

Same author

Direct Measurement of Resonances in ^{7}Be(α,γ)^{11}C Relevant to νp-Process Nucleosynthesis.

Physical review letters·2022

Same author

Neutron-upscattering enhancement of the triple-alpha process.

Nature communications·2022

Same author

Neutron Time-of-Flight Measurements of Charged-Particle Energy Loss in Inertial Confinement Fusion Plasmas.

Physical review letters·2019

Same author

<i>Ab initio</i> response functions for Cherenkov-based neutron detectors.

The Review of scientific instruments·2018

Same author

Experimental Evidence of a Variant Neutron Spectrum from the T(t,2n)α Reaction at Center-of-Mass Energies in the Range of 16-50 keV.

Physical review letters·2018

Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

E2 interference effects in the 12C(α,γ0)16O reaction.

D B Sayre¹, C R Brune, D E Carter

¹Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA. sayre4@llnl.gov

Physical Review Letters

|October 23, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers measured the E1-E2 interference sign between an E2 resonance and E1 strength for the first time. This study reveals constructive interference below the resonance energy, aiding in understanding nuclear reactions.

More Related Videos

Thermochemical Studies of Ni(II) and Zn(II) Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry

Thermochemical Studies of Ni(II) and Zn(II) Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 8, 2022

Investigations on the Ga(III) Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

Investigations on the Ga(III) Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its ⁶⁸Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

Published on: August 17, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

Thermochemical Studies of Ni(II) and Zn(II) Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry

Thermochemical Studies of Ni(II) and Zn(II) Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 8, 2022

Investigations on the Ga(III) Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

Investigations on the Ga(III) Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its ⁶⁸Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

Published on: August 17, 2016

Area of Science:

Nuclear Physics
Particle Physics
Quantum Mechanics

Background:

Understanding nuclear reactions requires characterizing the interplay between different excitation modes.
Previous studies have not directly measured the interference sign between E1 and E2 nuclear strengths.

Purpose of the Study:

To measure the E1-E2 interference sign between a specific E2 resonance and underlying E1 strength.
To determine the nature of interference (constructive or destructive) at different energies.

Main Methods:

Measurement of thick-target gamma-ray yields from a narrow resonance.
Analysis of angular distributions of gamma rays at 45° and 135°.
Evaluation of global S(E2) data within a specific energy range.

Main Results:

The E1-E2 interference sign was measured for the first time, yielding an asymmetry parameter a=0.07±0.05.
A positive asymmetry parameter indicated constructive interference at forward angles.
Interference between the E2 resonance and E1 background was identified as constructive below the resonance energy.

Conclusions:

The study successfully determined the E1-E2 interference sign, providing crucial data for nuclear models.
The findings clarify the interference scenario, contributing to a better understanding of nuclear structure and reactions.
The E2-E2 interference analysis yielded a specific value for the S(E2) parameter, S(E2)(300)=62(-6)(+9) keV b.