Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Reporter Genes02:11

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
Commonly used reporter...
Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evaluation of a New Paracingulate Sulcus Identification and Measurement Protocol.

Human brain mapping·2026
Same author

Immune activation during broadly neutralizing antibody-mediated HIV suppression prior to post-intervention control.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Resilience to neuronal hyperactivity and restoration of the neuroimmune interactome by blocking fibrin-induced microglia activation in Alzheimers disease.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Predictive Cellular Signatures from Live Human Motor Neurons Distinguish TDP-43 ALS and Enable ALS Subtype Stratification.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Multiomic analysis of ART-interruption cohorts identifies cell-extrinsic and -intrinsic mechanisms driving lymphocyte-mediated control of HIV rebound.

Immunity·2026
Same author

HIV-seq reveals gene expression differences between HIV-transcribing cells from viremic and suppressed people with HIV.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Mapping the 3D Chromosome Organization of a Biosynthetic Gene Cluster by Capture Hi-C (CHi-C).

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Mapping the 3D Chromosome Organization of Streptomyces by Hi-C.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

CUT&Tag Epigenomic Profiling of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Rhizobium rhizogenes-Mediated Hairy Root Transformation Protocol for Lotus japonicus and Other Legumes.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Characterization of Bioactive Saponins from Sea Cucumbers.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Methods for Functional Validation of Terpenoid Metabolic Clusters in Nicotiana benthamiana and Aspergillus oryzae.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

JUMPn: A Streamlined Application for Protein Co-Expression Clustering and Network Analysis in Proteomics
07:28

JUMPn: A Streamlined Application for Protein Co-Expression Clustering and Network Analysis in Proteomics

Published on: October 19, 2021

Gene expression networks.

Reuben Thomas1, Christopher J Portier

  • 1Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Analyzing gene expression data involves inferring biological insights from complex networks. This chapter explores methods for pathway and network analysis, offering tools and examples for researchers.

More Related Videos

Generating the Transcriptional Regulation View of Transcriptomic Features for Prediction Task and Dark Biomarker Detection on Small Datasets
03:37

Generating the Transcriptional Regulation View of Transcriptomic Features for Prediction Task and Dark Biomarker Detection on Small Datasets

Published on: March 1, 2024

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization
03:08

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization

Published on: October 3, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

JUMPn: A Streamlined Application for Protein Co-Expression Clustering and Network Analysis in Proteomics
07:28

JUMPn: A Streamlined Application for Protein Co-Expression Clustering and Network Analysis in Proteomics

Published on: October 19, 2021

Generating the Transcriptional Regulation View of Transcriptomic Features for Prediction Task and Dark Biomarker Detection on Small Datasets
03:37

Generating the Transcriptional Regulation View of Transcriptomic Features for Prediction Task and Dark Biomarker Detection on Small Datasets

Published on: March 1, 2024

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization
03:08

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization

Published on: October 3, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Systems Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Gene expression data is abundant but often limited by small sample sizes.
  • Interpreting this data requires understanding biological pathways and gene networks.
  • Existing methods face challenges with high dimensionality and limited samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for inferring biological insights from gene expression data at the pathway and network level.
  • To describe approaches for hypothesis generation regarding gene roles in response to treatments.
  • To present techniques for reverse engineering gene networks and identifying novel gene interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Pathway level inference using a priori defined biochemical pathways.
  • Network-based approaches utilizing gene coexpression and protein-protein interaction networks.
  • Reverse engineering methods for gene network inference, suitable for small gene sets.

Main Results:

  • Summarizes publicly available gene expression data sources and their characteristics.
  • Highlights reverse engineering approaches effective for small gene sets (order 10).
  • Provides practical tools and illustrative examples from published literature.

Conclusions:

  • Network and pathway-based analyses are crucial for interpreting complex gene expression data.
  • Reverse engineering methods offer valuable insights into gene interactions despite sample size limitations.
  • Accessible tools and case studies facilitate practical application of these analytical techniques.