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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The semiconductor's...
Non-ohmic Devices00:51

Non-ohmic Devices

In most substances, the current flow is proportional to the voltage applied to it. A simple relationship between the values of current, voltage, and resistance is known as Ohm's law. Nonohmic devices do not exhibit a linear relationship between voltage and current. One such device is the semiconducting circuit element known as a diode. A diode is a circuit device that allows current flow in only one direction.
Consider a simple circuit consisting of a battery, a diode, and a resistor. A diode...
Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
13:44

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers

Published on: December 27, 2012

From metamaterials to metadevices.

Nikolay I Zheludev1, Yuri S Kivshar

  • 1Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK. n.i.zheludev@soton.ac.uk

Nature Materials
|October 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Metamaterials and metadevices offer advanced control over electromagnetic waves. This review explores their tunable, switchable, nonlinear, and sensing functionalities using diverse materials and mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetism
  • Materials Science
  • Optics

Background:

  • Metamaterials, artificial media with subwavelength structures, were first proposed for negative-index superlenses.
  • They evolved into a key paradigm for controlling electromagnetic wave propagation, birthing transformation optics.
  • Current research focuses on developing tunable, switchable, nonlinear, and sensing functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging field of metadevices, which leverage structured functional matter for unique functionalities.
  • To summarize research on photonic, terahertz, and microwave electromagnetic metamaterials and metadevices.
  • To highlight the diverse materials and physical principles employed in metadevices.

Main Methods:

  • Exploitation of phase-change media, semiconductors, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and liquid crystals.

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Fabricating Metamaterials Using the Fiber Drawing Method
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Fabricating Metamaterials Using the Fiber Drawing Method

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Characterizing Dissipative Elastic Metamaterials Produced by Additive Manufacturing

Published on: June 28, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
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Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers

Published on: December 27, 2012

Fabricating Metamaterials Using the Fiber Drawing Method
11:57

Fabricating Metamaterials Using the Fiber Drawing Method

Published on: October 18, 2012

Characterizing Dissipative Elastic Metamaterials Produced by Additive Manufacturing
09:39

Characterizing Dissipative Elastic Metamaterials Produced by Additive Manufacturing

Published on: June 28, 2024

  • Integration of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).
  • Engagement of nonlinear and quantum responses of superconductors, electrostatic/optomechanical forces, and nonlinear lumped components.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstration of tunable, switchable, nonlinear, and sensing functionalities in metamaterials and metadevices.
    • Successful application of diverse materials like phase-change media, graphene, and superconductors.
    • Development of metadevices utilizing MEMS, nonlinear optics, and quantum phenomena.

    Conclusions:

    • Metamaterials and metadevices represent a significant advancement in electromagnetic wave control.
    • The field is rapidly progressing towards practical applications with enhanced functionalities.
    • Future research will likely focus on integrating these advanced concepts into sophisticated devices.