Immunohistochemical techniques to identify and localize proteins of interest in paraffin embedded tissue sections

Proteins carry out cellular functions. Identifying proteins within tissues, which are characteristically comprised of various cell types, is critical to understanding how the tissue functions. Being able to assess protein expression in tissues is also essential to gaining insight into how tissues change under different physiological conditions, in pathological states, in response to treatments, etc. Immunohistochemistry exploits antibody-antigen associations to identify specific proteins within tissues. This is a very powerful technique as it allows for studying tissues intact, preserving cellular relationships, and tissue structure. Here, we discuss the process of using an antibody specific for PPARγ to identify ovarian cells that express this transcription factor, and how its expression changes during the ovarian cycle.