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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and refractory oxide ion...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
Blank Solutions00:56

Blank Solutions

A blank solution is a solution that does not contain the analyte, or the substance of interest being tested or measured. It is typically prepared using the same reagents and procedure as the sample solution but without adding the analyte. The primary purpose of preparing a blank solution is to account for any background interference or contamination that may affect the accuracy and reliability of the analytical method.
In some experimental cases, the reagents, solvents, or lab equipment used in...

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Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System
08:48

Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System

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Interference in autoanalyzer analysis.

J J Fleming1, S Swaminathan

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Christian Medical College and Hospital, 632 004 Vellore, Tamil Nadu.

Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry : IJCB
|October 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study assesses common interferences in 19 clinical chemistry tests caused by hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia. Uric acid and creatinine kinase MB subunit (CKMB) were most affected, highlighting the need for laboratory-specific interference assessments.

Keywords:
Assay interferenceBilirubinHaemolysisIcterus

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Analytical Biochemistry
  • Laboratory Medicine

Background:

  • Hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia are common pre-analytical interferences in clinical chemistry.
  • These interferences can significantly impact the accuracy of diagnostic test results.
  • Understanding and mitigating these interferences is crucial for reliable patient diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia on 19 routine clinical chemistry assays.
  • To identify specific analytes most susceptible to these common interferences.
  • To suggest methods for overcoming interference issues in certain assays.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated interference from varying concentrations of hemoglobin (hemolysis), bilirubin (icterus), and triglycerides (lipemia).
  • Assessed 19 routine clinical chemistry tests for analytical interference.
  • Defined analytical significance as a change exceeding 2.8 times the intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV).

Main Results:

  • Hemolysis interfered with 10 of 19 assays, affecting analytes like CKMB, LDH, and total protein.
  • Icterus interfered with peroxidase-linked reactions and creatinine assays, impacting glucose and uric acid.
  • Lipemia affected fewer assays but increased glucose, uric acid, and amylase at high triglyceride levels.
  • Uric acid and CKMB were most susceptible; calcium and phosphate showed no interference.

Conclusions:

  • Hemolysis, icterus, and lipemia significantly interfere with various clinical chemistry tests.
  • Uric acid and CKMB are particularly vulnerable to these common sample interferences.
  • Laboratories must validate assay conditions and susceptibility to interferences for their specific testing environment.