Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Protocol for modeling innate immune training by repeated alum exposure in mice (adjuvant conditioning).

STAR protocols·2026
Same author

Endometriosis.

Seminars in reproductive medicine·2026
Same author

Pro-endometriosis macrophage release of IL-33 is key for endometriosis pain and lesion formation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

M2 Macrophages are Major Mediators of Germline Risk of Endometriosis and Explain Pleiotropy With Comorbid Traits.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

Adjuvant conditioning enhances neutrophil function while inducing a suppressive peritoneal macrophage phenotype.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2025
Same author

CMG2 interaction with actin is required for growth factor-induced chemotaxis in endothelial cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same journal

The Biology of Malaria Parasite Liver Infection.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine·2026
Same journal

The Interaction between Diabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis: Epidemiology, Screening, and Clinical Management.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine·2026
Same journal

New Malaria Prevention Modalities: Long-Acting Interventions Beyond Vaccines.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine·2026
Same journal

From Parasite to Pill: Harnessing Biology for Breakthroughs in Antimalarial Drug Discovery.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine·2026
Same journal

Malaria Parasite Genomics: Decentralization, Diversification, and Development Goals.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine·2026
Same journal

Tuberculosis Infection: Diagnosis and Management.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies
09:03

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Published on: June 30, 2023

Common polymorphisms in angiogenesis.

Michael S Rogers1, Robert J D'Amato

  • 1Vascular Biology Program, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusettes, USA. michael.rogers@childrens.harvard.edu

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
|November 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Common genetic variations (polymorphisms) in angiogenesis genes influence disease susceptibility and treatment response. Understanding these genetic factors is key to developing targeted therapies for angiogenesis-dependent diseases.

More Related Videos

Three-dimensional Angiogenesis Assay System using Co-culture Spheroids Formed by Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
09:24

Three-dimensional Angiogenesis Assay System using Co-culture Spheroids Formed by Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: September 18, 2019

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
09:03

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies
09:03

Modified In Vivo Matrix Gel Plug Assay for Angiogenesis Studies

Published on: June 30, 2023

Three-dimensional Angiogenesis Assay System using Co-culture Spheroids Formed by Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
09:24

Three-dimensional Angiogenesis Assay System using Co-culture Spheroids Formed by Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: September 18, 2019

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
09:03

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Disease Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Many common diseases have a genetic basis and are dependent on angiogenesis.
  • Common genetic polymorphisms, unlike rare mutations, are expected to have a substantial impact on overall human disease.
  • Angiogenesis plays a critical role in various diseases, influencing their susceptibility and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of common polymorphisms in angiogenesis-regulating genes.
  • To explore the impact of these genetic variations on disease susceptibility and response to angiogenic stimuli.
  • To assess the potential of angiogenesis gene polymorphisms in predicting therapeutic responses.

Main Methods:

  • Candidate gene studies to identify associations between polymorphisms and disease.
  • Pharmacogenomic analysis to evaluate predictive value of polymorphisms for therapy response.
  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify risk alleles in angiogenesis genes.
  • Rodent models (e.g., mouse corneal micropocket assay, tumor models, macular degeneration model) for direct trait analysis.

Main Results:

  • Candidate gene studies have revealed associations between angiogenesis gene polymorphisms and various diseases.
  • Pharmacogenomic data suggests certain angiogenesis polymorphisms can predict treatment outcomes.
  • Genome-wide association studies have identified limited risk alleles in direct angiogenesis genes, suggesting regulatory polymorphisms are more prevalent.
  • Animal models have successfully identified and compared genetic loci influencing angiogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Regulatory polymorphisms significantly influence angiogenic responsiveness.
  • Integrating human and animal study findings enhances understanding of the genetic basis of angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
  • Genetic variations in angiogenesis pathways offer potential targets for disease management and personalized medicine.